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Michael Moran's avatar

Brilliant piece Simon, thank you.

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Geary Johansen's avatar

People in the West need to understand the concept of taqiyya. Sure, there might be a legitimate case for self-preservation through the moderation of actual beliefs to prevent persecution, but one needs to understand that even modern English translations of the Quran have additions to make Islam appear less militant and intolerant.

This is an English version of Surah 9:29 which remains loyal to the text and its meaning, reflected in numerous less publicised Hadiths: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture – [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled."

This is the softened and sanitised version: "Fight those from among the People of the Book who believe not in God and the Last Day, and do not forbid what God and His Messenger have forbidden, and who follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the jizyah with a willing hand, being humbled."

The other issue is contextual apologia. Many modern moderate Muslims claim the Surah was revealed in a defensive context, protecting Muslims from Christian aggression. This ignores Islam's brutal history of conquest and is a fiction. The evidence suggests very few Christians converted out of genuine theological conviction in the 7th century. Christianity’s deep roots, institutional strength, and view of Islam both a rival faith and an outright heresy made voluntary, heartfelt conversions rare. Demographic studies estimate that Christian populations remained the majority in places like Egypt and Syria well into the 9th–10th centuries.

The persecution of Christians and Jews by Islam is an old, old story. “Khaybar, Khaybar, ya Yahud, jaysh Muhammad sawfa ya’ud” – “Khaybar, Khaybar, O Jews, the army of Muhammad will return” is a common chant at anti-Israel protests. It was heard during the jubilant protests in London on October 8th. Khaybar refers to a historical Jewish subjugation with targeted executions and the enslavement of women and children by a Muslim army.

This is not to deny that there aren't large majority tolerant populations of moderate Muslims in the West, merely that literalist interpretations, more loyal to the original intent of Islam, will always emerge amongst more devout and fundamentalist Muslims in any Muslim community. It's an intransigent theological problem, not a matter of extremist interpretations.

Most Western audiences remain completely oblivious to the Islamic doctrine of abrogation (naskh), which prioritizes later Quranic verses, giving Surah 9 (At-Tawbah) natural dominance due to its late revelation (630–631 CE) and militant content (e.g., 9:29’s call for jihad and jizyah). Although there are modern reforming counter arguments and many moderate Muslims who are unaware of the theological structure of their faith, naskh assures the theological dominance of more militant interpretations.

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